Is Human Rights Universal, Inherent, Inalienable, And...

Assignment 1: Are human rights universal, inherent, inalienable, and indivisible? Student’s Name: Institutional Affiliation Date Introduction Human rights can be summarized as the activities and freedoms that all human beings are entitled to enjoy and only by virtue of their humanity. These conditions are generally guaranteed in the constitution of the land. They are widely felt in the area as they are divided and not limited to political, social economic and cultural rights. Some of the main principles of human rights include the fact that they are inherent, inalienable and indivisible as well. In this relation, human rights can never be taken away from an individual whereby the enjoyment of one right should not infringe the enjoyment of other. They must all be respected and maintained. Nevertheless, the government is the sole authority that can guarantee the protection of human rights and freedoms. It is responsible for putting in place the necessary laws and policies to protect and safeguard the rightful enjoyment of human rights among its citizens. In this case, the government, therefore, act as the custod ians of human rights, and they are responsible for any acts that are committed against the enjoyment of a person’s freedom. Thus, the state is the guarantor and protector of human rights. However, at times the government itself may carry itself in an irresponsible manner by being the violators of human rights in occurrences such as genocides. TheShow MoreRelatedHuman Right - Universal, Inherent, Inalienable, Indivisible.1920 Words   |  8 PagesHuman rights are said to be universal, inherent, inalienable, and indivisible. In this paper we will discover what each of those mean including discussions which examine if human rights are in fact universal, inherent, inalienable, and indivisible equally and without prejudice for all of humanity. Human rights are universal since they are said to belong to all humans in every society and should accommodate all persons in the world equally. To consider if human rights are in fact universal, oneRead MoreThe Principles Of Human Right s Essay2285 Words   |  10 Pagesâ€Æ' Introduction Human rights can be summarized as the activities and freedoms that all human beings are entitled to enjoy and only by virtue of their humanity (Freeman, 2011). These conditions are generally guaranteed in the constitution of the land. They are widely felt in the area as they are divided and not limited to political, social economic and cultural rights. Some of the main principles of human rights include the fact that they are inherent, inalienable and indivisible as well. In thisRead MorePrisoners Rights in International Law1509 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"Prisoner’s Rights In International Law† I. Introduction: History of Rights for Prisoners Imprisonment, or the forcible confinement of a person, has been a long standing practice and tradition in the world’s history (Roberts). Dating as far back as 400 B.C., prisons have held a variety of meanings and served a wide array of functions, but in its fundamental use, prisons are intended to supplement the rise of a state as a form of social organization (Roberts). The most common use of prisons isRead MoreWhat Is Human Rights?1289 Words   |  6 PagesWhat is Human rights? Human rights are the moral philosophy or norms that illustrate certain standards of human behaviour, and are regularly confined as legal rights in national and international law. Human rights are rights inherent to all human beings, whatever our nationality, colour, sex ,place of residence, national or ethnic origin, religion, language, or any other status. It is our right to know about human rights without discrimination. These rights has significances of interrelated, interdependentRead MoreThe United Nations High Commission For Human Rights Essay2064 Words   |  9 PagesIntroduction The Office of the United Nations High Commission for Human Rights (OHCHR) defines Human Rights as, â€Å"rights inherent to all human beings, whatever our nationality, place of residence, sex, national or ethnic origin, colour, religion, language, or any other status. We are all equally entitled to our human rights without discrimination. These rights are all interrelated, interdependent and indivisible.† Human rights are a set of norms or standards of behaviour that are intended to protectRead MoreAnimal Farm, By George Orwell2096 Words   |  9 PagesHuman rights have been at the centre of the free world officially from the beginning of the seventeenth century with the Bill of Rights (1688/1689). They are described as â€Å"moral principles or norms that describe certain standards of human behaviour, and are regularly protected as legal rights in national and international law† (Nickel, 2010). Basically human rights are entitlements which human beings have, which can help them develop to their full potential. They are also described as ‘The rightsRead MoreThe Northern Territory National Emergency Response Act 20071626 Words   |  7 PagesRacial Discrimination Act and Northern Territory anti-discrimination laws were suspended (Pounder, 2008). Australian and international law prohibits discrimination on the grounds of race, however it was argued that it was necessary to override human rights in order to protect children (Johns, 2008). Not mentioned in the Minister’s media release, but enacted in the legislation under the heading of ‘Miscellaneous’, were two key, and internally contradictory, provisions to prevent challenges to theRead MoreThe Human Rights Of The United Nations2236 Words   |  9 PagesI Introduction The term ‘human rights’ is difficult to define, but generally they are regarded as those fundamental and inalienable rights which are essential for life. They are rights inherent, interdependent, and indivisible to all human beings. This means they cannot be granted or taken away and include rights such as civil, political, economic, social and cultural rights. Each act of torture and ill-treatment, inflicted by one human being upon another, permanently scars all those touched byRead MoreJohn Austins Theory of Sovereignty6170 Words   |  25 PagesThe concept of sovereignty is one of the most complex in political science, with many definitions, some totally contradictory. Usually, sovereignty is defined in one of two ways. The first definition applies to supreme public power, which has the right and, in theory, the capacity to impose its authority in the last instance. The second definition refers to the holder of legitimate power, who is recognized to have authority. When national sovereignty is discussed, the first definition applies, andRead MoreCanada s Laws Should Be Unbiased And Non Discriminatory3047 Words   |  13 PagesCanada’s laws are presented to be unbiased and non-discriminatory. The law promises every individual the right to life, freedom of expression, well-being and uses sparkly language to prove that no one is ab ove the law despite sexual orientation (Canadian Human Rights Act, 1985). However, this is not the case in regards to homosexual individuals. This paper will discuss how homosexual suffer from discriminatory laws in their everyday lives. The discriminatory laws further lead to myths, ideologies

A Review On Marketing Mix - 1419 Words

Introduction This review critiques the article ‘A Review of Marketing Mix: 4Ps or More? ’ by Chai Lee Goi from the Internal Journal of Marketing Studies. The internal journal highlights the usability of the 4P’s. It aimed to assist people who involve in marketing field to complete their marketing objective. There are a lot of incompatibilities mentioned by various scholars in his paper. The schlors suggest that it should be revised, which contradicts with another who strongly wants them to be left alone. However, the way of isolate them are also in consideration. Hence, this review will be summarised and its purpose defined. The argument will be developed through a critical review of ‘A Review of Marketing Mix: 4Ps or More? ’ by Chai Lee Goi , discussing in turn its prominent points and distinctive points. The discussion aimed to present a justified analysis of the article s value in relevant field of Chai Lee Goi s, the writer. In addition, the order of criti cal criteria consists of three prominent points; topic covering, information supporting, and references, also two distinctive points; out-of-date information and inappropriate use of language. Article summary Chai Lee Goi s paper reports information about the scholars’ ideas toward marketing mix, which can be use as an essential instrument. This essential instrument help marketers as well as a person involving in marketing field in achieving their marketing objective. In particular his article is concernedShow MoreRelatedMarketing Mix – Literature Review and Company Example5234 Words   |  21 PagesDiploma in Sales Marketing - 66th Intake Module DSM 101-Marketing Principals Marketing Mix – Literature Review and Company Example Lecturer: Thomas Lim Team Members:Christopher Mark Charlton (team leader) Gary Chow Hock Meng Andrew Peter O Lai Wohlstand Cheah Rong Jin We declare this report is XXXXX words in length 1 Table of contents Introduction to the Marketing Mix 4Ps ~ page number 3 Marketing Mix 4Ps Place Literary Review Company Example of Marketing Mix 4Ps Place – Ritchie Bros.Read MoreThe 4p Classification of the Marketing Mix Revisited1201 Words   |  5 PagesThe 4P s Classification of the Marketing Mix Revisited This article, addresses the prime classifications scheme in marketing, the 4P configuration of the marketing mix. The marketing discipline needs a strong classification of the marketing mix, not only to stimulate conceptual integration and purification of the discipline, but also for meaningful measurement of marketing mix efforts and their effects. Also, managers need a clear classification of all instruments at their disposal in orderRead MoreSupply Map Chain Essay847 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿ Map the Supply Chain Caroline Evans MKT/421 September 18, 2014 Dr. Michael McKinley Abstract The supply map and the supply chain management consist of manufacturers, distributors and retailers. The marketing mix determines the product mix and the product mix helps the fashion designer to control the target market. The distributor of the finished garment later determines how the product would distribute throughout the department and discount stores. The target market will help theRead MoreNike Markeing1333 Words   |  6 PagesProgramme: Business Management Module 1: Marketing Assignment [pic] Date for Submission: 15th September 2010 To achieve a pass in this unit the learner must: LO1: Investigate the concept and process of marketing LO2: Explore the concepts of segmentation, targeting and positioning LO3: Identify and analyse the individual elements of the extended marketing mix LO4: Apply the extended marketing mix to different marketing segments and contexts Context TheRead MoreMarketing Analysis : Marketing Audit1229 Words   |  5 Pages1.1 Marketing Audit Marketing audit can be defined as a study, inspection, review and/or evaluation of marketing activities of any company. Basically, it estimates the marketing environment of the company, aims, strategies, and policies of the company. After evaluation of marketing plans and strategies, it has to identify the mistakes, weaknesses, insufficiencies, complications and other issues to be encountered in firm’s marketing purposes. The final outcome of the marketing audit recommends measuresRead MoreMarketing Mix On Song Delta Airline Essay1291 Words   |  6 PagesQ. 4 âž ¢ Objective: Delta’s aim is to compete with low cost airlines in market with a good customer service facilities and relentless effort to make delta airline number one airline service provider. Marketing Mix on song delta airline: Product: They make strategies to beat rival companies by reducing costs and increasing the volume of the plane size (bigger planes)so the seats increased and the proper use of the resources (planes, employees, gate space). Price: They are giving cheapest fareRead MoreBusiness Research Report On Business975 Words   |  4 PagesBusiness Studies Research Report Introduction This research reports covers the ways in which businesses operate towards their success. It covers the four aspects of marketing, how a business will achieve quality assurance and the importance of ethical business behavior with reference to case studies. Business Utilising Quality Management in the Operations Process Many businesses will focus on acquiring new customers rather than pay attention to the quality of the product or service. It is importantRead MoreStandardization in International Marketing Strategy Is Doomed to Failure: Literature Review and Methodological Critique1577 Words   |  7 PagesStandardization in International Marketing Strategy is doomed to failure: Literature review and methodological critique. The literature on standardization of international marketing strategy has rapidly increased in amount since Levitt (1983) suggested the main concept that business strategies and their influences on firm performance should be universal through national markets which are very much alike culturally, economically and politically, in spite of limited empirical evidence focusedRead MoreAnalysis Of Lila Restaurant At Caulfield Victoria1737 Words   |  7 Pagesproduction and marketing strategies used in the future. ï‚ § social and cultural factors: Australian and Melbourne is an immigrant country and city. With all the people from the different cultural background brining in different food and cuisine, people are exposed with all the varieties of food option selections. The locals are more acceptable and welcome to the different culture, food, ethics and values. This has provided positive contributing factor to run the restaurant in Melbourne. Review and considerRead MoreThe Strategic Planning Marketing Process Essay762 Words   |  4 PagesThe Strategic Planning Marketing Process An organization must use a strategic marketing process to distribute its marketing mix resources to reach its target markets. The elements of a proper marketing mix are price, product, place, and promotion. They are the four P’s of the marketing process (Goi, 2009) Good understanding of the marketing mix is important for an organization. When a company is developing a marketing plan, it must consider each element. Just as important is an understanding

Management Accounting Expenses Analysis

Question: Describe about the Management Accounting for Expenses Analysis. Answer: Introduction The preparation of financial statements and cost statements is very much important for an organization in order to determine and analyse its expenses, revenue and profit generated during a period of time. The main problem faced by the managers and owners of Seafarer Kayaks was to get the accounting back on the track (Holton, 2012). The preparation of financial statements should include appropriate costing system which will help to sum up all the revenues, cash flows and net profit earned by the company. The adoption of standard costing will be much beneficial for the company that will help the managers to make a better plan and control the operations. Main Context Analysis of Standard Costing system Standard costing is a part of cost accounting that helps to manage all the costs of the company incurred during the income year. Standard costs are associated with the manufacturing costs of the company which includes direct material cost, direct labour costs and manufacturing overhead. It is an accounting tool that provides appropriate cost evaluation and minimizes wastage by suggesting corrective actions and detecting variance. The managers of Seafarer Kayaks should adopt standard costing system that also helps to establish cost centres and responsibilities are assigned to concerned departments that increase the efficient delegation of authority (Horngren, 2013). The preparation of cost accounts such as cost of goods manufactures and the schedule of the cost of goods sold. A developed and effective standard costing system encourages reappraisals techniques, methods and materials that help to minimize unfavourable variances. The managers will be able to determine and evaluate those products that are not proceeding as per the plan. It simplifies and procedure of cost control and provides a platform to control all their operations and managing their expenses. Therefore, it is considered as an effective tool to make business plan, budgeting, inventory evaluation and marginal costing. Standard costing system is much more efficient than normal costing. The calculation of cost will include all the expenses related to the production (Kew and Watson, 2012). The management of revenue and expense is very much important to analyse the operation of the company. It is the system which involves calculating the required production process cost. The cost account of Seafarer Kayaks can estimated that will include overate rate based on the budgeted labour hours, direct materials cost, raw material, payment to the suppliers, payroll etc. should be managed as per the standard costing system (Wolf, 2008). The cost of goods manufactured, cost of goods sold and other cost associated with the operations are to be calculated. At the end of the accounting year, cost of direct materials, direct labour costs and actual amounts are compared to previously set standards. The comparison of actual costs to standard costs as well as examining the variance differences allows the managers to improve their cost control, operational efficiency and cost management (Kieso, Weygandt and Warfield, 2010). The difference between the set standard and the actual cost amount helps to determine and analyse the operational efficiency of the company. Therefore, the managers and owners of Seafarer Kayaks should adopt standard costing in order to manage their costs and expenses appropriately. The overall budget includes standard costs and it is not possible to include the exact cost of the products. Therefore, the standard costing system helps to compare the set standard with the actual results. It would be very ea sy to print the report showing the period of the inventory balances (Libby, Libby and Short, 2014). The standard costing system is used to calculate the cost incurred during the production process as well as comparing the results. The management should plan for economic and efficient operations for standard cost to be effective. The inefficiencies in the operation can be determined with the help of the system that can be done by thorough investigation and taking remedial action. The establishment of standards helps to coordinate all the functions of the organization such as marketing, accounting, research and manufacturing. Control of cost has always been the main objective of production and effective control of cost requires detailed standards (Smart, Megginson and Gitman, 2007). It enables the management department to make compare actual costs with the standard costs and taking actions to control the costs. The predetermined cost of the products helps to make decision in the produ ction process and determining appropriate pricing policies. The operations of Seafarer Kayaks can be managed and controlled with the help of standard costing system. It provides guidance to the managers to formulate production and pricing policies as well planning future plans, production of new products, estimating costs and overall budgeting. The valuation of the inventory becomes easier as because the inventories are valued at the predetermined costs (Spiceland, 2009). An effective standard costing system enables managers to perform main functions such as planning, organisation, motivation, coordination and control. The management of financial accounts is very much important for an organization in order to manage their expenses, revenues, assets and liabilities in an accounting period. Conclusion The adoption of standard costing system will help the owners and managers to manage all their operations and costs of the items. The standard costing system is considered as one of the most effective tool for managing and controlling cost, planning budget and evaluating the performance of cost management. The production costs can be effectively and appropriately managed with the help of standard costing system. Therefore, the managers and owners of Seafarer Kayaks should adopt standard costing system. References Holton, R., 2012.Global finance. Abingdon, Oxon: Routledge. Horngren, C., 2013.Financial accounting. Frenchs Forest, N.S.W.: Pearson Australia Group. Kew, J. and Watson, A., 2012.Financial accounting. Cape Town: Oxford University Press. Kieso, D., Weygandt, J. and Warfield, T., 2010.Intermediate accounting. Hoboken (NJ): J. Wiley. Libby, R., Libby, P. and Short, D., 2014.Financial accounting. Maidenhead: McGraw-Hill Education. Smart, S., Megginson, W. and Gitman, L., 2007.Corporate finance. Mason, OH: Thomson/South-Western. Spiceland, J., 2009.Intermediate accounting. Boston: McGraw-Hill/Irwin. Wolf, M., 2008.Fixing global finance. Baltimore, Md.: Johns Hopkins University Press.

Sylvia Plath Daddy Essay Example

Sylvia Plath Daddy Essay â€Å"Daddy† – Sylvia Plath (Poetry Analysis 1) Plath, best known for her confessional poetry is credited to have written the poem â€Å"Daddy† in the year, 1962. However, it was posthumously published in 1965. The use of explicit imagery throughout the poem reflects her style. Using the Holocaust as a metaphor, Plath gives the poem its much-intended nightmarish quality suggestive of her complex relationship with her father, Otto Plath. â€Å"Daddy† is almost potentially autobiographical in the sense that it provides a vivid, confessional representation of Plath’s mental illness. Plath seems to be using small details from her day-to-day life. These images and references may at first seem incomprehensible from a distance. However, gathering background information on Plath or a scholar providing an explanation in his footnotes help render these references as somewhat comprehensible. The poem deals with Plath’s over-attachment to her father and the unease and unhappiness it caused within her life. It seems Plath wanted the authoritative repression caused by her father’s overpowering presence yet his utter absence to be blatantly obvious to her audience. She compares her father to a black shoe she has been living inside of; a Nazi: comparing herself to a Jew therefore creating an oppressor-oppressed relationship between her father and herself in the poem; a swastika and finally a vampire of which there were two in her life; her father and her husband. The poem is also a manifestation of her apparent Electra complex. The lines, â€Å"I made a model of you, A man in black with a Meinkampf look† are in reference to her husband, Ted Hughes whom she may have been attracted to cause of his resemblance to her father. It is a deliberation on a paternal relationship that ended when Plath was a child. We will write a custom essay sample on Sylvia Plath Daddy specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Sylvia Plath Daddy specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Sylvia Plath Daddy specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The poem is almost a declaration of independence but having lived her entire life being unable to communicate her pain and anguish, the idea of finally being able to liberate herself from the sentiment and affirming that â€Å"I’m through† towards the end of the poem may have been too much to bear for her. The poem begins by imitating the structure of a nursery rhyme. The prosodic aspect of poetry sheds light on abstract thought and because the subject matter of the poem is so heavy, Plath may feel the need to begin the poem with a nursery rhyme like structure making it easier to grasp. This childlike intonation is emotionally distraughtful as the poem constantly shifts between the grotesque, the allusions and her fatal rage ultimately leading to the climax towards the end with Plath stating, â€Å"Daddy, daddy, you bastard, I’m through. † This is Plath’s attempt at changing her situation. The base skeleton of the poem is immersed within a four-stressed rhythm. This rhythmic structure is reduced in the line, â€Å"Ich, ich, ich, ich† that along with supporting the four-stress rhythm is also a â€Å"barb wire† of the language that cuts of her speech just like in Daddy’s in which ‘I’ is already phonetically present, struggling to be free. Thus, â€Å"Ich† is a foreign language word in which the consonants create a barricade that prevent the open vowel ‘I’ to be liberated. Also, when one listens carefully, the repeated usage of â€Å"Ich† four times makes it sound like speak which is illustrative of her means of expression in the poem. Plath is finally voicing the way she feels after a lifetime of repression. The poem uses a five-line stanza called a Quintain, which means that there is no set rhythmic structure. There is powerful imagery, symbolism and word play in the poem. However, it makes one wonder whether Plath intended to write about her father or whether her perception of him. By claiming that she lived within a black shoe, the idea that she has been encompassed within the colossal, watertight image of her father is demonstrated. It explains her posthumous relationship with him. Shoes are designed for comfort and protection and Plath’s father provided her neither of those two. She uses imagery to color the character of her father by associating it with black. The narrator also describes the oppressor-oppressed relationship through size. The father is presented as a bigger, titanic figure. He is depicted as a statue but one that stretches across the â€Å"freakish Atlantic†, meaning that it spans across the whole of United States. Plath thought of her father as a God-like figure, whose omnipresence diminished after his death. She calls him â€Å"a bag full of God† weakening his influence on her. The narrator compares her German father to a Nazi. She uses imagery to build this metaphor. The neat mustache is a subtle reference; almost an allusion to Hitler’s mustache and his bright blue Aryan eyes symbolized the representation of an idealized Nazi race. The transformation of her father from God to a Swastika as a symbol is an emblem of Nazism. This emblem is not just black but so black that it blots out the sky. This is a hyperbole. Further, stating that her husband has a â€Å"Meinkampf look† is another allusion to Hitler (Meinkampf was an autobiographical account by Hitler). This reflects her tendency to have the presence of her father in her life in some way or the other. Plath may consciously want to run from being victimized but she cannot help but be attracted to someone who resembles her father in some way or the other due to her Electra complex. Towards the end of the poem, she settles on calling the two most important men in her life vampires instead of Nazis. From being living epitomes of horror they go to being portrayed as undead horrors. The narrator accuses her husband of being a vampire that sucked on her blood for seven years (mostly the duration of the marriage) that is a striking description of the pain she must have undergone during this time. When Plath wrote this poem, she may have written with the intention that no matter what she wrote, her father would not be able to read it. Yet, she seems desperate to communicate something posthumously due to her inability to do so when he was alive. The title of the poem is an apostrophe; a figure of speech that she uses to directly address someone who is not present anymore. The playfulness of the title, â€Å"Daddy† is contrarily paired with the violent images of her father being characterized as a Nazi, a devil and a vampire. Daddy sounds like an affectionate name but the last line of the poem â€Å"Daddy, daddy, you bastard, I’m through† reveals Plath’s conflicted state of emotions between loving and hating the memory of her deceased father. She not only creates a figurative image of her father through the deft use of metaphors but also seeks to exact revenge on the man who scarred her childhood along with the man who ruined her for life. The poem is a constant struggle between her attempts at preserving their memory or at last letting it go and through that, thus, freeing herself. Although she is echoing her memories of victimization, she trivializes it by narrating it in a singsong nursery sounding rhyme. Nevertheless, this victory is only partial as is seen in the later events of her life. Plath committed suicide four months later.

Hess Law Essays - Commodity Chemicals, Chlorides, Enthalpy

Hess Law Essays - Commodity Chemicals, Chlorides, Enthalpy Hess Law Hess Law:Work to be done:Find enthalpy change by measuring temperature change of a reaction. Chemicals and apparatus: Thermometer Scale Isolator NaOH, solid NaOH, 0.50M solution Acetic acid, 0.50M and 0.25M Lab: Reaction 1) The temperature of 200ml water that I poured into the isolator was 23.0C. To that I added 1.97g solid NaOH and let the reaction take place. After a while I measured the temperature to 24.9C rT = 1.9C. The number of mole NaOH is 1.97 / 40 = 0.049 mol. Reaction 2) In this experiment I used 100ml 0.50M acetic acid, and to that I added 100ml 0.50M liquid NaOH. The temperature of the acetic acid was 23C and the temperature of the NaOH was 22C. So the average, and the number I use will be 22.5C. After the reaction the temperature of the solution was 25C, so rT = 2.5C. The number of mole NaOH is 0.50 * .100 = 0.050 mol. Reaction 3) In the third reaction I used 200ml 0.25M acetic acid with a temperature of 22.5C, that I added to 2.00g NaOH. The temperature after the reaction was 27C, so rT = 4.5C. And the number of mole NaOH in the reaction was 2.00 / 40 = 0.05 mol. The same amount NaOH has been used in all three reactions, and the same amount of liquid also, 200ml. In reaction two and three is also the amount acetic acid the same.I can now calculate the enthalpy changes in each case: H = c m T, and since the same mass has been used, and since I can use the same c in all three cases H = 0.84 T (c = 4.2, m = 0.200g) rH1 = 1.596 rH2 = 2.1 rH3 = 3.78 According to Hess Law you should be able to calculate the enthalpy change for a reaction which is the sum of two (or more) reactions with known enthalpy change, so:NaOH(s) NaOH(aq) (1) NaOH(aq) + HCl NaCl + H2O (2) NaOH(s) + HCl NaCl + H2O (3) (3) - (2) = (1) and we can also see that rH3 - rH2 rH1

The Four-Tiered Class System of Feudal Japan

The Four-Tiered Class System of Feudal Japan Between the 12th and 19th centuries, feudal Japan had an elaborate four-tiered class system. Unlike European feudal society, in which the peasants (or serfs) were at the bottom, the Japanese feudal class structure placed merchants on the lowest rung. Confucian ideals emphasized the importance of productivity, so farmers and fishermen had higher status than shop-keepers in Japan, and the samurai class had the most prestige of all. Samurai Feudal Japanese society was dominated by the samurai warrior class. Although they made up only about 10 percent of the population, samurai and their daimyo lords wielded enormous power. When a samurai passed, members of the lower classes were required to bow and show respect. If a farmer or artisan refused to bow, the samurai was legally entitled to chop off the recalcitrant persons head. Samurai answered only to the daimyo for whom they worked. The daimyo, in turn, answered only to the shogun. There were about 260 daimyo by the end of the feudal era. Each daimyo controlled a broad area of land and had an army of samurai. Farmers and Peasants Just below the samurai on the social ladder were the farmers and peasants. According to Confucian ideals, farmers were superior to artisans and merchants because they produced the food that all the other classes depended upon. Although technically they were considered an honored class, farmers lived under a crushing tax burden for much of the feudal era. During the reign of the third Tokugawa shogun, Iemitsu, farmers were not allowed to eat any of the rice they grew. They had to hand it all over to their daimyo  and then wait for him to give some back as charity. Artisans Although artisans produced many beautiful and necessary goods, such as clothes, cooking utensils, and woodblock prints, they were considered less important than farmers. Even skilled samurai sword makers and boatwrights belonged to this third tier of society in feudal Japan. The artisan class lived in its own section of the major cities, segregated from the samurai (who usually lived in the daimyos castles) and from the lower merchant class. Merchants The bottom rung of feudal Japanese society was occupied by merchants, which included both traveling traders and shopkeepers. Merchants were often ostracized as parasites who profited from the labor of the more productive peasant and artisan classes. Not only did merchants live in a separate section of each city, but the higher classes were forbidden to mix with them except when conducting business. Nonetheless, many merchant families were able to amass large fortunes. As their economic power grew, so did their political influence, and the restrictions against them weakened. People Above the Four-Tiered System Although feudal Japan is said to have had a four-tiered social system, some Japanese lived above the system, and some below. At the very pinnacle of society was the shogun, the military ruler. He was generally the most powerful daimyo; when the Tokugawa family seized power in 1603, the shogunate became hereditary. The Tokugawa ruled for 15 generations until 1868. Although the shoguns ran the show, they ruled in the name of the emperor. The emperor, his family, and the court nobility had little power, but they were at least nominally above the shogun, and also above the four-tiered system. The emperor served as a figurehead for the shogun, and as the religious leader of Japan. Buddhist and Shinto priests and monks were above the four-tiered system as well. People Below the Four-Tiered System Some unfortunate people also fell below the lowest rung of the four-tiered ladder. These people included the ethnic minority Ainu, the descendants of slaves, and those employed in taboo industries. Buddhist and Shinto tradition condemned people who worked as butchers, executioners, and tanners as unclean. They were known as the eta. Another class of social outcasts was the hinin, which included actors, wandering bards, and convicted criminals. Prostitutes and courtesans, including oiran, tayu, and geisha, also lived outside of the four-tiered system. They were ranked against one another by beauty and accomplishment. Today, all of these people are collectively called burakumin. Officially, families descended from the burakumin are just ordinary people, but they can still face discrimination from other Japanese in hiring and marriage. The Transformation of the Four-Tiered System During the Tokugawa era, the samurai class lost power. It was an era of peace, so the samurai warriors skills were not needed. Gradually they transformed into either bureaucrats or wandering troublemakers, as personality and luck dictated. Even then, however, samurai were both allowed and required to carry the two swords that marked their social status. As the samurai lost importance, and the merchants gained wealth and power, taboos against the different classes mingling were broken with increasing regularity. A new class title, chonin, came to describe upwardly mobile merchants and artisans. During the time of the Floating World, when angst-ridden Japanese samurai and merchants gathered to enjoy the company of courtesans or watch kabuki plays, class mixing became the rule rather than the exception. This was a time of ennui for Japanese society. Many people felt locked into a meaningless existence, in which all they did was seek out the pleasures of earthly entertainment as they waited to pass on to the next world. An array of great poetry described the discontent of the samurai and the chonin. In haiku clubs, members chose pen names to obscure their social rank. That way, the classes could mingle freely. The End of the Four-Tiered System In 1868, the Floating World came to an end, as a number of radical shocks completely remade Japanese society. The emperor retook power in his own right, as part of the Meiji Restoration, and abolished the office of the shogun. The samurai class was dissolved, and a modern military force created in its stead. This revolution came about in part because of increasing military and trade contacts with the outside world, (which, incidentally, served to raise the status of Japanese merchants all the more). Prior to the 1850s, the Tokugawa shoguns had maintained an isolationist policy toward the nations of the western world; the only Europeans allowed in Japan were a tiny camp of Dutch traders who lived on an island in the bay. Any other foreigners, even those ship-wrecked on Japanese territory, were likely to be executed. Likewise, any Japanese citizen who went overseas was not permitted to return. When Commodore Matthew Perrys U.S. Naval fleet steamed into Tokyo Bay in 1853 and demanded that Japan open its borders to foreign trade, it sounded the death-knell of the shogunate and of the four-tiered social system.

Persuasive memo Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Persuasive memo - Essay Example As our primary respondents in research based consulting, the program will be beneficial to the company since the respondents will base their responses on experience from the program’s assistance in relation to the progress of their group’s investments.It will be a low cost venture worth $12000 per annum for products and solutions and $8000 per annum for awards program, totaling to $20000 per annum. This will be in line with the company’s mission of providing its clients and the society with quality information and financial management insight to enable smarter decisions. The company offers products and solutions where it concentrates with opportunity analysis by monitoring the purchasing power of institutions and individuals, analysis of key trends due to change of business environments, predictive modeling where they incorporate insightful research before the customers depart and analysis of the market segments through evaluation of the â€Å"wallet size† to ascertain individual’s purchasing power and what drives their decision making. The company is also involved in awards programs to reward the best performing business entities through the â€Å"Greenwich Share and Quality Leaders† and† Greenwich Excellence Awards†. This will ensure proper benchmarks are followed in awarding the best performing entities or individuals. The company was established in 1972 by Charley Ellis with initial offering in personal trust services, large corporate pensions and large corporate banking; privately owned with 125 employees and a net turnover of $35 million by 2010. Our research based consulting strategies have become increasingly dependent upon Connecticut youths and as our primary respondents, who majority are in startups privately or in groups, giving the entrepreneurial assistance will gear their investment plans and company’s outreach (C.I.M.A,2011).The program is intended to

Analysis of corporate governance of Home Depot Essay

Analysis of corporate governance of Home Depot - Essay Example It has been observed that shareholders participate in sharing of the profits that the organization earns but they do not frame a part of the responsibilities being undertaken within the organizational operations. Corresponding laws have been imposed in order to limit the shareholders’ liability for the organizational activities that ultimately results in their involvement within the operational processes. It can thus be ascertained that Board of Directors of any company endures certain obligations pertaining to the decision-making process that might affect the organization in the long run in the forms of Corporate Governance. Corporate governance basically relates to the relationship of shareholders, top management and Board of Directors for designing and planning the procedures and performances of the organization (Wheelen and Hunger 43-71). 2.1 – Board of Directors. The Founders of Home Depot included Arthur Blank, Kenneth Langone, and Bernard Marcus (Wheelen and Hung er 43-71). The current board of directors includes F. Duane Ackerman, Frank Blake, Ari Bousbib, Gregory D. Brenneman, J. Frank Brown, Albert (AI) Carey, Armando Codina, Helena B. Foulkes, Bonnie G. Hill, Karen L. Katen and Mark Vadon. Correspondingly, F. Duane Ackerm has been ascertained to be serving as a part of board of directors since 2007. ... Ari Bousbib has been serving as the Director since 2007. Previously, he had served as the President of Otis Elevator Company from 2002 to 2008 and prior to this he had also occupied the position of Chief Operating Officer from 2000 to 2002. He is required to perform wide range of activities particularly concerning over-sighting information technology, supply chain and other activities dealing with developing strategies of the company. Furthermore, with his experiences in the field and dedicated expertize, Mr. Ackerman provides advance managing skills and competencies to Home Depot by handling the most complex situations efficiently (Wheelen and Hunger 43-71). Gregory D. Brenneman has been serving as the Director of Home Depot since 2000. He has showed his competencies as a business leader in many of the well-known established organizations. His involvement and expertize within the management decisions has changed the entire scenario of many organizations. Prior to this, he had served as President and member of the Board in Continental Airlines Inc from 1996 to 2001 and Chief Operating Officer from 1995-2001. He renders his valuable service in terms of general management of the company as well as delivers his expertise concerning corporate finance, marketing and international aspects of the company. He also endures expertize in the corporate finance, supply chain and international matters among others. Mr. Brenneman is currently working as the chairman of CCPM Capital Advisers. This company is a private equity firm. Furthermore, he has also been employed as a chairman and in the position of a CEO of the company TurnWorks incorporation. Moreover, in his working career, he

MySpace and Facebook Essay Example for Free

MySpace and Facebook Essay I think that stalking is possibly one of the scariest forms of abuse there is. Both men and women are capable of stalking but I think that in most cases it is a male stalking a female. There are many reasons why one person stalks another. I believe the most common reason is because of anger and humiliation. When one person breaks off a relationship with another it often causes conflicting feelings which may turn a person into a desperate stalker. I believe that the longer and more intimate a relationship was the higher chance for stalking and dangerous behavior. I think another big reason why a person will turn into a stalker is because they simply cannot accept that their former partner has moved on and is dating other people. I agree that cyber stalking has become a problem and I think cyber stalking will continue to increase since so many people use computers. The case of the 13 year old girl who committed suicide because of cyber stalking is sad and shocking. I know from experience that teenagers can be quite cruel to one another but this young girl experienced extreme bullying by an adult who should have known better. I strongly believe that the ultimate responsibility for the safety of children on the computer falls to the parents. Parents are responsible for ensuring the safety of their children at all times – including who they talk to and what sites they visit on the internet. In this case it was the parent doing the harassing and terrorizing which is what makes this case so nauseating. Social sites such as MySpace and Facebook make it very easy for teenagers to form cyber relationships with one another. This isn’t necessarily a bad thing as long as parents supervise and children behave appropriately. However, I think cyber stalking is going to continue to increase since so many teenagers use these types of sites and their parents have no idea who they talk to or what they talk about. I think the case of the 13 year old girl who killed herself should open the eyes of parents so that they can prevent something tragic like this from happening again.

Dead Poets Society, Summary :: essays research papers

"The Dead Poet’s Society" is a movie about a group of kids. The conflict, characters, plot and theme are very interesting. So now I am going to tell you a little about it. In this movie there were many different points of conflict. One major conflict was with Knox and his father. Knox’s father wanted to choose Knox’s future for him. He told him everything he should do and shouldn’t. He wouldn’t let Knox be in a play. Knox participated in it anyway. His father showed up and saw Knox in the play. Knox got in trouble. His father was going to take him put of Welting. Knox got so put out with it that he shot himself. Another point of conflict was with Mr. Keating and the school of welting. The school blamed Mr. Keating for Knox’s death. Some of the students were with the school and some of them were against. The characters in "The Dead Poet’s Society" were very unique. Mr Keating was a very round character. He has a very unique way of teaching the class about poetry. Mr. Keating had went to the same school he is teaching in now. Knox was flat. He had problems with his dad. Todd was flat. He was on Mr. Keating’s side when the school tried to fire him. Cameron was dynamic. He went with the crowd. If a group of kids did one thing then he would follow right behind. The plot in the story is rather interesting. The exposition is simple. A group of students have a English teacher who is very creative in the way he teaches. One of the students finds out about a group that Mr. Keating was in when he went to the school. Him and his friends decide that they would start it again. The rising action is when the kids start to have the meetings. The students get a little more crazy than the have been before. The climax is when Knox shots himself. Everything falls apart after that. The kids start to get in arguments, Mr. Keating is blamed for his death, and the school board is very angry. The falling action is when the students start to come back together to get Mr. Keating back in the school. The resolution is when Mr. Keating goes into the classroom to get the last of the supplies.

Analysis on “Another Invitation to the Pope to Visit Tondo” Essay

Emmanuel Torres is a poet, art critic, professor of English and Comparative Literature at the Ateneo de Manila and curator of its art museum who was born on April 29, 1932 in Manila. He was born on the Third Republic of the Philippines when the country was already considered independent. He witnessed the administration of Manuel Roxas, Elpidio Quirino, Ramon Magsaysay, Carlos P. Garcia and Diosdado Macapagal. Macapagal ran for the re-election but he was defeated by Ferdinand Marcos. How was the Philippines during the Marcos regime and early before? Since 1940, it has been very hard for the Filipinos to accept the war after war, revolutions and occupations. The Philippines suffered great loss of life and tremendous physical destruction, especially during the Battle of Manila. An estimated 1 million Filipinos had been killed; a large portion during the final months of the war, and Manila had been extensively damaged. Early in Marcos’ presidency, Marcos initiated ambitious public works projects, war rehabilitations and intensified tax collection which brought the country economic prosperity throughout the 1970s. His administration was very successful in waking up the Filipinos but because of the Philippine Legislature that was corrupt and impotent, there were still circumstances where Filipinos experienced troubles and sufferings. This poem was set during 1960’s when the Pope came to the Philippines. Originally, this poem was entitled â€Å"The Poem visited Tondo† until it was revised to give emphasis to the invitation for the Pope to witness the situation of Filipinos many years back. We all know how visible poverty in the Philippines is. This is an important matter to be faced by the Pope of the world which showed mockery to the Catholic Church. It is amazing how Emmanuel Torres used sarcasm in the poem to show and narrate the sufferings of the people decades ago. He also used sarcasm to describe how people in high ranks had become unaware and apathetic of the living conditions of the poor. Appeasing the Roman Catholic Church during the Fourth Republic, Marcos officially lifted martial law on January 17, 1981. However, he retained much of the government’s power for arrest and detention. Corruption and nepotism as well as civil unrest contributed to a serious decline in economic growth and development under Marcos, whose health declined due to lupus. Life was never easy before. The Philippine was highly dependent on United States markets – more dependent, according to United States high commissioner Paul McNutt, than any single U.S. state was dependent on the rest of the country. This dependence was highly shown in lines – Our eyes shall bless the liveliness of dollars. Emmanuel Torres clearly described and talked about what had happened decades ago but if we read this today and apply what it says to what we experience now, it’s still appropriate for the situation of the Philippines. Poverty is still prevalent and the situation in the Philippines has not changed at all. This poem talks about a time during the Marcos regime when the pope came for a visit. Squatters areas were whitewalled, possibly in order to â€Å"make an impression† on the Pope. He saw right through it, however, and insisted on meeting a family from the area. The poem reflects the more realistic angle of the story, a mockery of the Church, in some ways, by alluding to doctrines. – Ma. Therese Boniface Roxas References: Literary Poems by Emmanuel Torres (March 2006) Another Invitation the Pope to visit Tondo Retrieved December 18, 2011, from http://giaferrer.blogspot.com/2011/02/another-invitation-to-the-pope-to-visit-tondo.html Protected Wikispaces on Literary Criticism (March 1988) Historical-Biographical Apprach. Retrieved December 18, 2011, from http://cyberenglishdhs.wikispaces.com/Historical-Biographical+Criticism An Online Resource Center to Filipino Writers and Readers (1993) Your Portal to Philippine Literature. Retrieved December 18, 2011, from http://www.panitikan.com.ph/authors/t/etorres,htm Critical Approaches. (1996, January). Literature Resources Critical Approaches to Literature: A Brief Overview. Retrieved December 18, 2011, from http://www.cla/purdue.edu/blackmon/engl360k/critcal.html History of the Philippines. (1992, December 1). Wikipedia www.wikipedia.com Retrieved December 18, 2011, from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of _the_Philippines

Ideal Behavior Between Daoism And Judaism Essay

Judaism and Daoism are two different religious each with its behaviors differentiating it from other. Both religions have complex philosophies and ways of conducting their worships. Daoism is based on Confucianism and it was founded in China in Han dynasty. It deals with learning of the past. Judaism is a religion that believes in one God who is omnipresent, almighty, omniscient, infinite and eternal. They have Old Testament and they believe in existence of heaven which is the eternal dwelling of the righteous and hell as the eternal dwelling of the wicked. Daoism and Judaism are two religions each with its beliefs and behaviors making them somehow similar and different. Judaism is different from Daoism because Daoism is a religion that started as a combination of simple philosophy and psychology but grew into a religious faith Daoism and Judaism are somehow similar for they originated from one and the same source who is God Almighty. They are closely interrelated and they have many common rituals, beliefs, worship, laws, rules, wisdom and morals. They are similar because God’s law is universal and the two religions are universal too. Daoism and Judaism have different ethical code. Daoism refers Laozi as their founders while Judaism believes that Hebrews were founders of the religion. The primary scripture of Daoism is Laozi’s Book of Dao and its virtue while for the Judaism it is the Holy Bible. Daoism has its Daoist philosophy with its main ideological source and took some concepts from Mohist, Yin-Yang and Confucianist. They follow Huang-Lao traditions. Daoism holds longevity and immortality as its highest object of faith. It advocates for Longevity and Immortality through Nourishing of life. They have practice of virtuous conducted to escape death and reach eternity. Judaism has temple sacrifices along with temple priesthood to function. Taoism has numerous deities under Tao while Judaism they believe in Reincarnation, Heaven or Garden of Eden or Hell. Judaism practice circumcision, they worship on Sabbath in the Synagogues and on the Holy Days like Bar Mitzvahs, marriages and funerals and during festivals like Passover. Their God is called Rabbi. During special feasts like marriages and funerals and during ancestral worships Taoism worships in the Temple. In Judaism, they believe that their leaders were Moses and Abraham, Isaac, Jacob and David with Rebbes being spiritual leaders of some Chassidic sects. Taoism believes that their leaders were Lao Tzu Some Taoist sects which have Pontiffs. Judaism believes that Israel is their God-given homeland thus having a strong belief in justice. For the Taoism, when society is compassionate, their government also tries to be generous. Judaism has a sacred writing known as Torah while that of Taoism is known as Tao Te Chig or The I Chig. Judaism believe that, the State of Israel is the Jewish homeland while Taoism belief that Chinese loves nature. Judaism is a religion based on Law while Taoism is a religion focused more on nature instead of society. Taoism has great concern on ethical thinking, speaking and doing. This is because when an individual behaves in an ethical manner the entire community benefits. Those who believe in Daoism have focused themselves on nature. Taoism has no commandment and they have no particular action or even thought. In conclusion, Daoism and Judaism are two different religions with some similarities. Judaism is based on religious way of life but Daoism focuses more on nature. Daoism was founded in China in Han dynasty and it is based on Confucianism dealing with learning of the past. Judaism is a religion that believes in one God who is omnipresent, almighty, omniscient, infinite and eternal.

Species and Its Descendants

Species and Its Descendants Species and Its Descendants Species and Its Descendants By Mark Nichol An assortment of diverse words stem from the Latin word species, which had two distinct meanings, one of which is â€Å"a particular kind, sort, or type†- the pertinent sense for the following terms. special: This word, coming into English from Old French, originally meant â€Å"better than ordinary† but later acquired the additional senses of â€Å"marked by a distinguishing quality† and â€Å"limited in function, operation, or purpose†; the noun specialist carries the latter connotation in describing someone with a narrow set of skills. The variant especial, taken from an Old French term meaning â€Å"important† or â€Å"preeminent†- treated in Modern French as spà ©cial- originally had the same meaning as special but later acquired the additional senses of â€Å"particular† and â€Å"peculiar,† as well as â€Å"intimate.† The adverbial form, especially, is now much more common than the adjectival form. specie: This technical term for coins, as opposed to paper currency, stems from the phrase â€Å"in specie,† meaning â€Å"in the actual or real form,† which in turn derives from an identical-looking phrase in Latin that means â€Å"in kind.† (The notion is that coins actually have monetary value, whereas paper currency merely represents such value.) species: Species denotes a distinct type of life-form, but this biological sense was preceded by multiple now-rare connotations such as â€Å"appearance,† â€Å"notion,† and â€Å"resemblance.† Originally, it was associated with a classification in logic. specific: This word, meaning â€Å"particular,† â€Å"precise,† or â€Å"special,† is an antonym of generic, just as, in biology, a species is more, well, specific than a genus. (Like species and specific, genus and generic are related.) specious: This term has undergone the most deviation from its original sense, which is â€Å"fair† or â€Å"pleasing.† (It stems indirectly from the Latin word species by way of speciosus, which means â€Å"good-looking† or â€Å"beautiful.†) Now, it pertains to superficial attractiveness or false validity or value. spice: This unexpected descendant of special, which denotes plant products used to season foods, derived from a later sense of species in Latin of â€Å"goods or wares,† pertaining to spices as a commodity. The additional, centuries-old, figurative sense of â€Å"something that provides relish or zest† survives, but the meanings â€Å"sample† and â€Å"trace† do not. The second sense of the Latin term species, derived from the verb specere, is discussed in this post. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:When to Capitalize Animal and Plant Names15 Words for Household Rooms, and Their SynonymsOne "L" or Two?

Essay Writing Guide

Essay Writing Guide Essay Writing Guide Essay Writing Guide College essay writing is a specific work that demonstrates students knowledge and skills in definite discipline. The main goal of the essay writing is to persuade the reader in the actuality of the problem and to give a possible solution to problem from the point of view of a student. English essay writing is expected to be an independent work of a student. According to the experience of our professional writers, there is a number of mistakes (errors) students tend to make while writing their essays. The following essay writing tips are presented here to help you avoid the most common errors done in introduction, main part, and conclusion. Errors in the introduction: Failure to include a clear thesis statement defining the topic and setting the direct for essay writing Mixing the notions: object of study and subject of study; Statement of the purpose, objectives, scientific innovation and practical significance, which is not disclosed in the body of essay writing; Indication of the knowledge base that is not used in the main body of the essay. Terms definition vagueness. Errors in the main part: Substitution of arguing statement (there are too many or to less argumentations); Illogical structure of the English essay writing: Absence of linking paragraphs, sentences, words; Errors in the conclusion: Triviality and obviousness; Formulation of the interim results; The use of statements that are not essential for the essay writing and do not flow from the purpose of research. Custom Essay Writing If you are in need of professional custom essay writing services, you have great opportunity to rely on professionalism of our experienced essay writers who are able to write an impressive essay for you. We do not resell written projects and we do not plagiarize! We simply write perfect essays from scratch! Undoubtedly, there are many assignment of diverse complexity; nevertheless, our pricing system is adjusted only to deadline! It means that you know what you are paying for and can easily choose the most suitable deadline as well as price for your assignment! Read also: Writing a Dissertation Proposal Thesis Writing Thesis Writing Format My Dissertation How to Make a Thesis

Organisation behavior Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Organisation behavior - Essay Example This is because an organization entails a gamut of emotions – from elation to distress, and frustration (Ashkanasy, 2003, 9-54). There is often pressure to meet deadlines leading to stress and frustration. Thus, it is only by handling such varied emotions that can help the employees in achieving their desired organizational goals, with ease. A happy mind and mood, can think better – leading to productive decision making and successful accomplishments of organizational objectives. There is a growing fascination and interest among researchers and managers alike, on the subject of Emotional Intelligence and the role it plays in enhancing job performance of employees in organizations. The claim can be substantiated with the wide amount of literature linking emotional intelligence and job performance (Barsade, Brief, Spataro, 2003) in organizational context. In the earlier times, the aspect of emotional intelligence was rarely mentioned in literature on organizational studie s (Martin, Knopoff, Beckman, 1998, 429) however, the scenario has changed drastically over the years, and "employee emotions" are now recognized and acknowledged as an integral and inseparable part of their performance, leading to valuable contributions in organizations (Ashkanasy, Zerbe and Hartel, 2005). Definitions: According to Wharam (2009, 11), Emotional Intelligence is: â€Å"The potential to be aware of and use one's own emotions in communication with oneself and others and to manage and motivate oneself and others through understanding emotions† According to According to Goleman (2006, 189) "Emotional Intelligence refers to the capacity for recognizing our own feelings and those of others, for motivating ourselves, and for managing emotions well in ourselves and our relationships". According to Sparrow & Knight (2009, 29) emotional intelligence entails use of the following key elements: -ability to identify feelings; pay attention to others emotions; give importance to the way others feel about things; and consider ones' feelings in decision making. Analysis The development of literature focusing on the relevance and influence of emotional intelligence on job performance, has broadened the visions of managers regarding the skills and abilities which are perceived as necessary for particular job types. Emotional intelligence is a critical element, particularly in an organizational setting, since it can play an important role in various key tasks such as hiring (Murphy, 2006). It has been established through research that people with high emotional intelligence quotient fare better than those with a low EQ. This significant discovery has helped managers understand the reasons behind the failure of certain academically high achieving employees in jobs requiring inter-personal skills. Emotional intelligence is known to improve the emotional and interpersonal skills of employees, which is required in managerial jobs (Lombardo, Ruderman, & McCauley, 1988, 199-216). On the basis of various studies conducted over the years, it has been established that employee performance is directly related to their emotions, i.e. positive or negative. Negative emotions such as anger, fear or distress were observed to have a negative impact on their performance and effectiveness on the job. Such negative feelings tend to distract the employees from their tasks at hand, resulting in unproductive work (Elfenbein

Identify the role of State Legislators Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Identify the role of State Legislators - Essay Example Under current law if a vehicle or vessel is driven recklessly and causes a serious bodily injury it is a fourth degree crime. Serious bodily injury creates a large or substantial risk of death or causes disfigurement, protracted loss or impairment of any bodily member or organ (http://www.njleg.state.nj.us/2010/Bills/A1000/676_S1.PDF). That action causing physical pain, illness or impairment is ‘bodily injury.’ Bill A676 would upgrade this crime of assault to a crime of the third degree which in turn would qualify it for further and more severe prosecution. This would bring about an increase from imprisonment of up to 18 month and a possible fine of up to 10,000 to a three to five year term of imprisonment with a possible fine of up to 15,000. As a Police Officer it is possible to be influential in the passing of bills and creation of new laws by acting as advocates and supporting lobbyist who represent the criminal justice sector and its promotion. Criminal justice agencies are extremely important in getting bills through the Legislature with the use of media contacts and public appeal. This involves getting the general public on board and in agreement with criminal justice agencies and proposed changes or recommendations in laws. Frequently and unfortunately it takes a tragic act to attract attention to areas of the law which need improvement and a better balance. Criminal justice agencies should definitely have a say and opinion in which laws are passed and how and what resources are located to which departments, in order of importance and interest of the public. Agencies usually are on the front line when dealing with the issues that Legislators are merely discussing and reviewing. They are not such as the Officer who constantly sees faulty policy or complete lack of policy in some cases and are best able to recognize the difference and improvements possible through the use of the agencies

A Horror of not Rising Above Mediocrity Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

A Horror of not Rising Above Mediocrity - Essay Example However before I delve deeper into the dynamics of this field and why I chose this as my career, I will discuss a little about my wish to enroll in this remarkable institution. New York University - Preston Robert Tisch is one of the most prestigious institutions in the whole country and it would be an honor if I am given the opportunity to continue my education in this esteemed establishment. The center’s location is immensely unique and is found in the hub of global hospitality and tourism industry, which fills me up with the desire to be a part of this amazingly fast-paced culture. My desire to be a part of Preston Robert Tisch is further strengthened by my unshakeable faith in myself, motivation and ample amount of knowledge pertinent to the field, which according to me is the ideal recipe for a successful career. And I can clearly envision my future in this fast-growing industry, which presents a myriad of opportunities and fields for people in its billion Dollar market. My interest in the field was fuelled along the years through academic training in the in the field. My first credential pertinent to the field was my high school certification in Food, Beverage, and tourism. On an academic front, I spent two years in a Law school majoring in Civil Rights. Then a subsequent three-year internship in Boulevard Hotel, Romania was sufficient to help me gain ample amount of familiarity with the profession. In the past few years, I have worked in the capacity of a Public Relations Coordinator in a franchise that was designed to assist the Vice President. Working in the franchise untapped my potential as a leader and helped me to broaden my horizon through performing tasks such as development and execution of integrated marketing and communications plans. My responsibilities involved scheduling, recruitment, coordinating,

National Institute For Health And Clinical Excellence Nursing Essay

National Institute For Health And Clinical Excellence Nursing Essay This essay will critically appraise and evaluate the evidence that underpins Occupational Therapy practice within a hospice setting and specifically an implemented intervention with reference to a case study. Inherent within this will be a critical analysis for the rationale and clinical reasoning behind employing that intervention, including the legislation and political drivers that govern and influence the intervention, the OT practice, and the setting, along with and in relation to the wider context of the service. The case study focussed upon within this essay, surrounds Mrs A (pseudo name used), a lady in her early 60s, diagnosed with an inoperable breast carcinoma with bone metastases. Initially Mrs A had difficulty accepting her deteriorating condition, resulting in her presenting with severe fatigue and loss of occupational identity and engagement in her life-long passion of drawing, despite trialling pharmaceutical treatments. This along with her low mood levels and preferred aim to stay with her family in her home meant she was referred to community palliative care OT (Appendix-slide 4, 5). The World Health Organisation (WHO) (2012) defines palliative care as the physical, psychosocial and spiritual approach that improves quality of life of the patient and their families associated with a life limiting illness. This concept is re-iterated within palliative care policies and a prominent piece of legislation within this specialist field is the End of Life Care Strategy (Great Britain. Department of Health (GB.DoH), 2008). Although published in 2008, it has developed from other integrated publications, such as the National Health Service (NHS) End of Life Care Programme (2007) and is the first national and comprehensive framework aimed at promoting high quality care for all individuals that are approaching end of life. It also provides a basis for health and social care services to build upon and the core concepts of all health professionals duty of care whilst supporting patient and their carers. The philosophy of palliative care differs in focus from the medical model of health care, with its core focus on quality of life and meaningfulness; consequently it fits well alongside OT core principles and paradigms of holistic and patient centred practice (Lucey, 2012; Othero, 2010). Although OT intervention with patients with palliative care needs is not a new concept, there is little evidence that supports this area of practice (American Occupational Therapy Association (AOTA), 2008; Cooper, 2006). However the Improving Outcomes in Breast Cancer document acknowledges the important role and key concerns for OTs, assisting patients in sustaining their independence, autonomy and empowering the maintenance of control over own health decisions (NICE, 2002). Additionally the Route to Success in End of Life Care Achieving Quality for Occupational Therapy (College of Occupational Therapist (COT), 2011) and the National Service Framework for Older People (2001) provides a framework for OTs to work within. These are alongside other ethical and legal principles and professional codes of conduct, such as Code of Ethics and Professional Conduct (COT, 2010) and the Professional Standards for Occupational Therapy Practice (COT, 2007). Intrinsic within the core values of OT, are the concepts of the occupational nature of individuals and that occupation has the capability to influence health, a key area within the care of Mrs A (Turner, Foster and Johnson, 2002). Wilcock (2006) suggested that occupation is a basic human need found across the life span through doing, being, becoming and belonging, and the importance of occupational engagement in palliative care has been found in numerous research studies (Burkhardt et al, 2011; Lyons et al, 2002). Vrkljan and Miller-Polgar (2001) provided evidence for the value of breast cancer patients participating in meaningful occupations in order to enhance wellbeing at the end of life. In accordance to these principles Mrs A is experiencing occupational deprivation due to her inability to engage in drawing, however the age of this study restricts its application to todays contemporary practices. According to Ahlberg et al (2003) cancer-related fatigue (CRF) is the most commonly reported symptom associated with cancer and its treatment, preventing engagement in occupations, usual functioning and infringement on quality of life (Cooper, 2006). Classified as a distressing, subjective and persistent sense of exhaustion or tiredness, fatigue can be experienced during or after treatment by 70%-100% of cancer patients (Stone and Minton, 2008) (Appendix-slide 6). Only recognised as an official diagnosis by the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10) in 1998, its impacts on everyday occupations are subjective and no two individuals experience the CRF in the same way, making standardised assessments difficult. The impacts of fatigue outreach the individual concerned, increasing duties and responsibilities of carers, friends and family, therefore, it is an imperative OT role to assist, support and educate these individuals in the management of fatigue in a way that is constru ctive to them (Kealey and McIntryre, 2005). These are evident points within the case of Mrs A as she felt she had lost ability to engage in her artistic passion (La Cour et al, 2007; Townsend and Polatajko, 2007). Alongside policies and legislation, the application of the compensatory frame of reference and the Model of Human Occupation (MOHO) informs and directs OT practice (Turpin and Iwama, 2011; Kielhofner, 2008). The compensatory frame of reference applies to Mrs A as it aims to maximise her independence and enhance her quality of life. This is achieved by focusing on the management of her symptoms rather than the proactive treatment and cause, a notion that is synonymous with the values of palliative care. Being a practical approach it provides a basis for the fatigue management as it assists with the understanding of the concepts and an alternative method of participating in an activity, however this lack evidence (Duncan, 2011). Although the biomechanical frame of reference addresses occupational performance limitations through concepts of strength and endurance, aspects such as energy conservation could also be teamed with the compensatory frame of reference as a method of increasing the applicability to Mrs As situation and minimising the impacts of her fatigue levels on her occupational engagement (Duncan, 2011; Curtin, Molineux and Supyk-Mellson, 2010) (Appendix-slide 12). Again, similar to the philosophy of palliative care, the MOHO models holistic approach is centred on Mrs As needs (Kielhofner, 2008). Despite the MOHO model having an expansive evidence base and reportedly being the most extensively applied occupation based model in OT practice, there is little evidence base for its application within palliative care and CRF (Lee et al, 2008). Additionally, the models terminology can inhibit inter-professional working (IPW) within the multi-disciplinary team (MDT), therefore it was not applied in its entirety within the setting and the practice with Mrs A (Melton, Forsyth, Freeth, 2010). Furthermore, MOHO lacks the idea of spirituality, a contemporary concept within both OT and palliative care literature (GB. DoH, 2010; Belcham, 2004), and an aspect that is central within the Canadian Model of Occupational Performance and Engagement (Polatajko, Townsend and Craik, 2007). Nevertheless, the MOHO model provides understanding of Mrs As motivation for eng agement in occupation (Lee et al, 2008) and according to Kielhofner (2008) it addresses Mrs As volition, habituation, performance capacity, values, roles, culture and her occupational identity. These are all key areas that her CRF had impacted on and it aided identification of her difficulties and direction for intervention (Costa and Othero, 2012) (Appendix-slides 7-11). In order to assist Mrs A with her difficulties and implement an intervention, environmental and fatigue assessments were conducted indicating occupational imbalance, within her lack participation of drawing and fulfilment of her occupational identity (Whiteford and Hocking, 2012; Mackenzie and OToole, 2011; Creek, 2003). Being non-standardised both assessments lacked the underpinning reasoning for the application and meant that outcome measures would be more difficult to certify the effectiveness of the intervention, in terms of its effects on Mrs As quality of life (McColl, 2010). However it enabled the practice to be patient centred, qualitative and more flexible with no formal structure, which is imperative within the nature of end of life care and ensures interventions are meaningful to Mrs A (Fawcett, 2007). Completion of the assessments also supported the formulation of her aims, which were to manage her fatigue level in order to regain engagement in her former self, and partic ipate in drawing for her husbands Christmas present, therefore justifying the implementation of fatigue management intervention (Appendix-slide 14). Due to the nature of the service, assessments and initial conversations needed to be completed within a short amount of time, yet were aided by the fact that they took place within her home environment with her family present. Research has supported this concept as it provides a personalised and caring therapeutic environment (Meyers, 2010; Brazil et al, 2005), additionally achieving a patients preferred place of care has been highlighted as prominent need within national drivers. However in these circumstances interference from carers and family members or resistance to OT interventions as already in preferred place of care periodically inhibited full engagement in intervention (AOTA, 2008). Lowrie (2006) and Halkett et al (2005) reported that fatigue management, compromising of energy saving, adaptation of role, activity planning and prioritising techniques, is a commonly recommended intervention for and sought after by cancer sufferers in order to maximise quality of life (Hawthorne, 2010; The National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN), 2009). Although Saarik and Hartleys (2010) study comprised of a four week programme based in a hospice day care, as opposed to within the community, it concluded patients reporting decreased fatigue levels, increased ability to cope and improved functioning post receiving fatigue management. Furthermore the NCCN (2009) has recognised the importance of CRF management and has guidelines recommending that integrative non-pharmacological interventions, including fatigue management are implemented with all individuals undergoing cancer treatment, not only palliative patients. Though its importance is highly acknowledged there are multiple studies indicating that cancer patients are not receiving the fatigue management intervention in order to meet their needs (Purcell et al, 2010). A study conducted in the United Kingdom, supports this concept, as only 14% of the 1370 of the participants with mixed diagnosis reported receiving fatigue management (Stone et al, 2003). Similarly in an American study of 814 participants, 23% suffering from CRF received management intervention (Henry et al, 2008). However extrapolation of the findings for this American studies small sample size would reduce its validity within the worldwide population and there may also be evidence of cultural nor m differences. Attributable to its recent development, the intervention lacks clarity and a structured evidence base, which is fundamental in assuring a rationale and clinical reasoning for its use within practice (Lowrie, 2006; Wratton et al, 2004). Additionally there is insufficient robust evidence and investigation into the interventions efficiency; however this does not certify the ineffectiveness of the intervention (Duncan, 2011). Alternatively the benefits of the fatigue management include that even minimal changes have positive impacts, its simple applicability and that it is highly patient centred, thus is tailored to Mrs As individual situation (Ream, Richardson and Alexander-Dann, 2006). Overall, literature, although limited, has found that fatigue management intervention has yielded positive outcomes for cancer patients where other conventional interventions have failed, justifying its application with Mrs A. As with many contemporary interventions, further research is required in order to secure effective clinical intervention and management of CRF (Mustian et al, 2007). This coincides with Bannigan et als (2008) statement of further development, which highlights research into the effectiveness of OT interventions is now a priority for OTs. While it is a common opinion that traditional rehabilitation based interventions generate few improvements in physical functioning and suggested as an unethical intervention for palliative patients, research has shown that it is appropriate at many points during the disease trajectory, improving self-efficacy, control and identity, therefore applicable to Mrs A (Guo and Shin, 2005; Eva, 2001). Engagement in occupations reportedly assisting with an individuals ability to connect with the purpose in life and enhancing spiritual wellbeing, quality of life and ability to cope with their situation (AOTA, 2008; Prince-Paul, 2008; Jacques and Hasselkus, 2004). The role of OTs in palliative care rehabilitation has been supported through national guidelines and literature; with NICE (2004) recommending and that all patients should receive a planned rehabilitation approach, including continuous assessment, goal-setting, care planning, intervention and evaluation to prevent loss of identity and poor quality of life. Despite this there is little guidance on how this is delivered in practice, resulting in settings lacking the right rehabilitation approach and consequently the case study setting displaying an absence of comprehensive evidence for its occurrence (Eva et al, 2009; National Council for Palliative Care (NCPC), 2006). Set within a community hospice setting the service provided to Mrs A was governed by the Care Quality Commission, equivalent to the NHS. However unlike the NHS, being an independent charity the hospice has a short organisational hierarchy, therefore limited layers of bureaucracy between the patients and their families, the health professionals and the leadership team. This means that the practice is not governed by such tight and mandatory restrictions and can be creative and adaptive to meet Mrs As needs. Although consequently, it is not so economically and fundamentally secure as a larger organisation like the NHS. Regardless of this it is imperative that service integration between the hospice and the NHS occurs and maintained to benefit Mrs As care. Furthermore, the small size of the organisation impacts upon its culture and enables opportunities for health professionals to undertake and be involved in service improvement and quality assurance activities, which attribute to both professional and personal achievements, furthering the quality of care provisions. Also, issues that are raised are rapidly and effectively examined by the directors with the patients needs central to all actions, instead of cost savings. Despite this, the importance of cost implications remain closely examined as being an independent charity, it is not funded by the NHS and crucial fundraising ensures availability of all resources, yet this can be difficult and precarious especially within todays economic climate. Due to the nature of Oncology and Palliative care being complex and demanding, many health professionals from differing disciplines have to work collaboratively in order to combine expertise and create a service effectively integrated to resolve Mrs As key areas of need, whilst making resources go further (Atkinson, Jones and Lamont, 2007; NCPC, 2006). According to NICE (2002) an integrated MDT and the occurrence of effective IPW is imperative to ensure seamless continuity of care, supportive and timely response to patients needs (WHO, 2012). Although the MDT within the setting for the case study lacked a dietician, therefore this role was split between all other health professionals, occasionally causing some duplicated information or gaps within service provision, being potentially detrimental to Mrs As health and wellbeing (Infante, 2006). Central to the idea of effective IPW is communication and due to the nature of the community setting, this can be made more challenging, with many health professionals on visits when their input is needed (Infante, 2006). This is exaggerated by many of the health professionals within the team working part-time hours. In order to overcome this and instil effective and efficient practice each day, a mandatory multi-disciplinary meeting occurred for all health professionals to discuss patients within their care. Overall the OT presence within the MDT team was well respected, other health professionals identified and recognised the core OT philosophy, which is indicative with end of life care in literature, and replicated in the reasoning for Mrs As referral. This concept was also readily recognised by the directors and replicated within the OT budget. However, regardless of this the OT practice and patient service was restricted due to limited OT professional hours, with recent audits indicating that organisational OT targets were not being met and highlighting the increased need for more OT hours within the caseload. Conversely, despite receiving a late initial phone call, Mrs As level of care showed no evidence of this occurrence, although it could have severely impacted upon her if she required additional input. Furthermore there was evidence of professional tribalism, as some protective professional relationships were formed, restricting effective IPW and efficiency of her care between t he MDT (Armstrong, 2007). Improved quality of life and engagement in meaningful occupations are primary outcomes of all OT intervention within palliative care (AOTA, 2008). In summary, the outcome measures used within the setting were limited, non-standardised, and based on patient feedback (Appendix-slide 18). Yet qualitative and centred around Mrs As the fulfilment of her occupational need and aims, by completing a drawing for her husband and remaining within her home. In addition to this, the fatigue management techniques were found to be transferable to everyday activities, thus Mrs A reporting improvements in her overall occupational participation, quality of life and consequently her wellbeing, therefore further justifying its use as an intervention (Cooper and Littlechild, 2004). Nevertheless within palliative care the importance of timeliness and an awareness of disease progression are crucial for both Mrs A and the OT, as it is evitable that Mrs A will develop further occupational deficits due to dis ease progression; therefore outcomes are short term and future positive or negative outcomes may not be a direct cause of the intervention (COT-HIV/AIDs, Oncology and Palliative Care Education, 2004). This may be fundamental in terms of patient satisfaction as to whether these aims are achieved and then lost again, or not achieved at all. In line with the importance of timeliness, is the concept that earlier referral to OT services would have restricted the degree of fatigue that Mrs A presented with and also the greater the impact of the fatigue management could have had on her quality of life. McLaughlin and Kaluzny (2006) recognised that patient feedback as an outcome measure is a fundamental part of quality and service improvements within care. Despite originally being a debatable concept, patient feedback has now become so well acknowledged that it has formed an essential part of health planning documents (Darzi, 2008). However due to this, it does not conclusively show financial benefits of the OT service, yet presents the importance of patient choice, quality of life and patient led care. Therefore a standardised outcome measure that could have been implemented to provide structure and improve OT practice whilst acting as an assessment, is the Model of Human Occupation Screening Tool (MOHOST). Implementing this tool would also embed the MOHO model framework further into the OT practice (Kielhofner, 2008). Being observational it wouldnt require input from Mrs A, therefore will not exacerbate her fatigue levels, although only gives the OTs perception of her difficulties . Additionally the Quality of Life questionnaire and the Fatigue Impact Scale, although not OT specific, could be implemented to provide clear areas of focus and as an outcome measure, as these are key elements of the purpose of OT intervention and palliative care settings (Pearson, Todd and Futcher, 2007). Utilising these assessments tools within OT practice would demonstrate both the benefits and the cost effectiveness of the OT intervention, crucial elements within a charity run organisation. To conclude, the role of an OT within palliative care is diverse and challenging, although ideally positioned to assist Mrs A in maximizing her quality of life and achieving her aim of drawing her husbands Christmas present (Kealey and McIntyre, 2005; Vockins, 2004). Achievement of this surrounds addressing her fatigue difficulties in a holistic, ethical and patient centred way, whilst having specialist knowledge of disease related problems within contemporary evidence based practice (Berger, 2009; Steultjens et al, 2004), a notion that has been acknowledged by both professional bodies and researchers (Oertli, 2007; National Breast Cancer Centre and National Cancer Control Intitiative, 2003).

The Rights Issues of Digital Preservation in the Digital Era :: Preservation Access Library Science

The Rights Issues of Digital Preservation in the Digital Era Not long ago, Anthony Grafton, the distinguished Princeton historian, published a history of the footnote. An intellectual tool that is â€Å"the humanist’s rough equivalent of the scientist’s report on data,† the footnote offers â€Å"the empirical support for stories told and arguments presented.† No doubt we all remember our own experiences of awe and wonder when we learned how to interpret a footnote and so began to understand the mechanics of scholarly reference. However, according to Grafton, â€Å"no one has described the way that footnotes educate better than Harry Belafonte, who recently told the story of his early reading of W. E. B. DuBois.† As a young West Indian sailor, Belafonte learned to read critically when he figured out how the footnote opened a world of learning. â€Å"I discovered,† Belafonte said, â€Å"that at the end of some sentences there was a number and if you looked at the foot of the page the reference was to what it was all about—what source DuBois gleaned his information from.† However, Belafonte did not find the task of learning from references to be easy at first and was stymied by the methods that DuBois used to cite his references. Trying to track them down, he says that he went to a library in Chicago with a long list of books. â€Å"The librarian said, ‘that’s too many, young man. You’re going to have to cut it down.’ I said, ‘I can make it very easy. Just give me everything you got by Ibid.’ She said, ‘There’s no such writer.’ I called her a racist. I said, ‘Are you trying to keep me in darkness?â€⠄¢ And I walked out of there angry.†. Of course, footnotes are not the only or, in a variety of research and educational contexts, even the best method of reference. Moreover, as the Belafonte story indicates, there can be many obstacles in tracing down a reference path. However, as Grafton concludes in his study, the footnote is a critical part of the scholarly apparatus because it is such a clear and efficient mechanism to link one piece of scholarship with what its author has identified as the key reference points for the work. It serves as a guarantee, Grafton says, â€Å"that statements about the past derive from identifiable sources. And that is the only ground we have to trust [those statements]† (Grafton 1997: vii, 233-235).

Lessons In Life Essay

When comparing â€Å"Mother To Son† with â€Å"Mending Wall† the message given is that with hard work, either manual or emotional life gives rewards. In â€Å"Mother To Son† the mother wants to pass her knowledge of life to him, that nothing is free and with hard work you will receive the feeling of accomplishments. The mother speaks of her hardships in life, but even with those she has always had hope. Even during the darkest times in her life she never gave up. What greater gift can a mother pass on to her child? The gifts than come from the heart are the greatest. She is trying to let him know that even though she has been climbing all her life she will not give up. Even though the story of â€Å"Mending Wall† focusing on the hard labor that comes once a year to neighbors repairing a common wall between their properties they also share good times together. â€Å"Good fences make good neighbor’s†. (page 1881) The neighbor’s speak of hunter’s that have passed during the year. Their walk of the wall gives each neighbor a time to share and reflect on the past years events’ with each other. Both stories differ in their style, â€Å"Mother To Son† gives a hidden approach to life. She is trying to give him subtle hits of what the road of life offers. â€Å"Mending Wall† gives a direct approach, it’s a conversation between neighbors that happens once a year, once it happens they go back to the way they were. Langston Hughes was born in Joplin, Missouri, James Langston Hughes was a member of an abolitionist family. His first published poem was also one of his most famous, â€Å"The Negro Speaks of Rivers†, and it appeared in Brownie’s Book. Later, his poems, short plays, essays and short stories appeared in the NAACP publication Crisis Magazine and in Opportunity Magazine and other  publications.( http://www.redhotjazz.com/hughes.html) Robert Lee Frost was one of America’s leading 20th-century poets and a four-time winner of the Pulitzer Prize. An essentially pastoral poet often associated with rural New England, Frost wrote poems whose philosophical dimensions transcend any region. Although his verse forms are traditional–he often said, in a dig at archrival Carl Sandburg, that he would as soon play tennis without a net as write free verse–he was a pioneer in the interplay of rhythm and meter and in the poetic use of the vocabulary and inflections of everyday speech. His poetry is thus both traditional and experimental, regional and universal. (http://www.robertfrost.org/indexgood.html) Works Cited Baym, Nina. â€Å"The Norton Anthology of American Literature.† 2003 http://www.redhotjazz.com/hughes.html http://www.robertfrost.org/indexgood.html

The Effect of Modern Day Technology

World Literature II November 22, 2010 Cause and Effect Essay 590 Words The Cause and Effect of Modern Day Technology â€Å"The zipper displaces the button and a man lacks just that much time to think while dressing at dawn, a philosophical hour, and thus a melancholy hour. † Ray Bradbury’s character of Beatty explains how technology has negatively had a negative effect in Fahrenheit 451. Technology transforms around us every day and almost every day new technology comes out that makes last year’s technology seem almost prehistoric.There is no question that technology has made life easier and more convenient as well as, travel faster and life saving medical advancements. It is hard not to wonder how much one actually depends on these new technologies and how they could be used to control everyone. Will the effect of all this technology be good or bad in the long run? Today in our economy we have less people needed for manufacturing and processing jobs and thus a s urplus of desk jobs and product designing jobs. These jobs then result in even higher productivity and more advancements.This never ending cycle of productivity and advancements leaves us dependant on technology. In the book The Handmaid’s Tale by Margaret Atwood, the main character Offred explains how new technology was being introduced until the country became dependent on it. Suddenly that technology and the way she had learned to live is taken away and people were lost without it. Some unknown dystopian empire then easily controlled these people that now couldn’t do anything. What if something like that were to happen today, the government started tracking where everyone goes through, navigation systems in cars, or phones and who knows what else.Radio transmitting chips are already being implanted in some dogs so that their owners can find them if they get lost. This same technology could be implanted in kids to prevent kidnappings or in criminals when released fro m prison. While all of this sounds great at the time, will that technology later be used against us just like it was against Offred? Will governments track all of our movements? Will our thoughts and ideas be read before we can speak them? Will satellites look into our homes to make sure we are eating the right foods?Even today’s news headlines are filled with reports regarding the full body scanners at airports. While all of us want to be safe when flying and the argument is strong for the scanners, the expense or effect of it leaves us literally naked to the government. According to 24/7 Wall St. com, â€Å"the list of devices the Smartphone has begun to replace, and in some cases, that process is so far along that the older products have almost disappeared. † Will technology put more and more people out of work? Will the work that technology replaces humans leave us all lazy because we are not using a physical effort anymore?On the other hand technology has been ver y beneficial to us. Technology has made us tremendously more efficient and productive, some technology at least, other technology however, is designed to makes us less productive. Hopefully this trend will increase. Some companies have already acknowledged that privacy is an important freedom and are putting things out to help people. For example Apple has acknowledged that people don’t like the idea that they could be tracked through their iPhone without warning.To decrease these fears they created icons that show up on your phone and allow you to see when an application is using your current location, as well as options to limit which applications can use your location. Hopefully more companies will follow in their lead and eliminate possibility of this negative effect of depending on modern day technology. Technology will only be advancing more and the human race will hopefully not succumb fully to it. We have to make good decision regarding how far we will let technology replace the human brain—the ultimate computer. Like Ray Bradbury’s quote, we will no longer have a chance to think.